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Chinese Gongbi Painting

Chinese Gongbi is also called Traditional Chinese Fine Brush Painting or Chinese Realistic Painting, and is characterized by fine brushwork and close attention to detail.

A Chinese Gongbi is painted using a Chinese writing brush (Mao Bi), Chinese ink and Chinese painting colors, on some impermeable material, mainly on Shu Xuan (impermeable paper), Shu Juan (impermeable thin silk), that has been covered a layer or more layers of gelatin and alum water to ensure that the wet color or color water can not soak through.

Chinese Gongbi is the opposite of Chinese Xieyi Painting. The latter is more freely and quickly sketched paintings, mainly to sketch the thoughts of the artists.

Chinese Gongbi emphasizes meticulous detail. Every thing should be expressed with a quite delicate, meticulous style. Every line, stroke and detail, even a strand of hair must be painted clearly, therefore, it requires the artists not only to have good painting skills, but also to work with very peaceful hearts and much patience. Usually, a Chinese Gongbi Painting takes a long time to complete.

Line is the skeleton of Chinese Gongbi Painting;everything is expressed by different lines. Line gives Chinese Gongbi Painting a strong ornamental result.

Depending on the techniques, Chinese Gongbi Painting includes Baimiao (painting with exact delineation with Chinese ink only), Gongbi Dancai (painting with exact delineation and light colours) and Gongbi Zhongcai (painting with exact delineation and enriched colors).
To paint a Chinese Gongbi painting, the artist usually has to go through a set series of steps:

—Draft it with pencil;
—Copy and delineate the draft as a Chinese Baimiao with Chinese ink and brush. Various lines ( there are at least 18 sorts of lines) are used in painting a Chinese Baimiao Painting.
—Color it several times (usually 3 to 9 times) so that it will be a Chinese Gongbi Painting. (During the process, you usually need to brush the paper with gelatin water and alum water to fix the color on the paper and to prevent seepage through the paper or silk.)

The Song Dynasty (960 A.D.-1279   A.D.) reached to the highest peak in Chinese Gongbi Painting.