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紊 bi辿 dng d
t叩n鼻 鐚618-907鐚
蕭go sh狸 (700-765)
藥篋醇ユqin l hu叩n鼻 y炭n b叩i r狸 x笛n,
蕋拷膾欠嵯bi fn鼻 chu朝 yn xu fn fn
ｫ莊綏m嘆 ch坦u qi叩n l湛 w炭 zh朝 j,
紊筝莪篋坂莚tin xi shu鱈 r辿n b湛 sh鱈 j笛n
ｫ莊綏m嘆 ch坦u qi叩n l湛 w炭 zh朝 j,
紊筝莪篋坂莚tin xi shu鱈 r辿n b湛 sh鱈 j笛n
|#|A Farewell Song for Dong Da
by Gao Shi 鐚704-765鐚
Tang Dynasty(618-907鐚
Yellow clouds stretch for a thousand miles,covering the sunlight.
The north wind blows the wild geese through the flurrying snow.
Don't worry there is no dear friend on the road(ahead).
In the world there is no one who doesn't know you.
Don't worry there is no dear friend on the road(ahead).
In the world there is no one who doesn't know you.
In the world there is no one who doesn't know you.
There is no one who doesn't know you.
|#|Gao Shi 蕭 鼻o sh狸 (700-765) was from Hebei Province and was an important representative of frontier fortress poetry in the Tang Dynasty (618-907).
The most flourishing times of Tang Poetry was in the Glorious Age of Tang Dynasty. Besides Li Bai and Du Fu, there were many other great poets during that period. Some of these poets and their works can be summarized into two big genres. One is the landscape, field and garden poetry genre, Wang Wei and Meng Haoran being their representative poets; the other is the frontier fortress poetry genre, Gao Shi and Chen Shen being their representative poets.
In the Glorious Age of Tang Dynasty, the frontier was very long; there were many garrison troops, and there were many opportunities for the poets to work in the frontier regions. Therefore, many of them wished to join the army to pursue their careers. With this background, they created many poems that described the landscape of the border areas,recorded their army lives, and their dreams of working for the country; they expressed the feelings of the soldiers in the frontier fortress. In this genre, apart from Gao Shi and Chen Shen, there were also Wang Changling, Li Qi, Wang Zhihuan and Wang Han and many other poets. As the representative poets of the genre, Gao Shi and Chen Shen are also known collectively as Gao and Chen.
Gao Shi was born into quite a poor family in Bohai Tiao Xian (Today's Jing County, or the other version: Cang County, Hebei Province), and was a beggar in his teenage years. When he was about 20 years old, he went to the capitalChangan (Today's Xian) to find his way, but returned frustrated. In his middle age, he wandered or drifted through Liang, Song, Yan, Zhao (today's Henan and Hebei Provinces), until he was nearly 50 years old. By the recommendation of Zhang Jiugao, he was appointed to be a Fengqiu Xianwei (An official just below the head of a county). In this position, he felt 菴絎綽罨腆, 藥綺篁篋 bi y鱈ng zhng gun x朝n y湛 su狸 bin t l鱈 sh湛 l狸ng r辿n bi My heart was broken when I had to pay homage to some bad senior officers; my heart was sad when I saw them lash the ordinary people鐚.Therefore, he left this position and became a military staff officer of Ge Shuhan who was Hexi Jie Du Shi (a military governor of Hexi). During the Rebellion of An and Shi (755-763), Ge Shuhan was defeated and lost Tongguan. The emperor Xuan Zong had to escape from the capital. Gao Shi caught up with Xuan Zong and told him about the battle in Tongguan. He was then appointed to be a Shi Yushi (Imperial Clerk).After that his official rank rose higher and higher, to the position of Jie Du Shi (Military Governorship), in charge of both civil and military work in several provinces several times until he became the Marquis of Bohai Tiao Xian.
The representative works of Gao Shi were his frontierstyle poems and the poems that reflected the people's lives. With a positive attitude to life, heroic spirit, an exoteric but refreshing language and a euphemistic and flowing melody, he expressed the magnificent scenery of the frontier and the real lives of the soldiers.
|#||#|Bie Dong DaA Farewell Song for Dong Da is a little poem, expressing Gao Shi's feeling on sending off his friend Dong Da.
Dong Da was the name of a famous musician Dong Lanting in Tang Dynasty. Dong was his family name, Da means old,meaning he was the eldest one among his brothers, so he was called Dong Da.
Dong Da was a famous master of the musical instrumentQi Xian Qin (Heptachord). In the Glorious Age of Tang Dynasty, there were many cultural exchanges among the Han People and the other nationalities.The music of non?Han nationalities was quite popular, but few musicians understood how to play Qi Xian Qinheptachord. However, Dong Da was one of the master musicians who could play it expertly.
This poem was written in Suiyang (in today's Henan Province) in 747. At that time, the poet Gao Shi and his friend Dong Da met each other after being apart for a long time. After a short reunion, they would have to part again.
The first two lines:藥篋醇ユ鐚蕋拷膾欠嵯 qin l hu叩n鼻 y炭n b叩i r狸 x笛n, bi fn鼻 chu朝 yn 鐔鐔 fn fnYellow clouds stretch for a thousand miles, covering the sunlight; the north wind blows the wild geese through the flurrying snow.
With the simplest words, the two lines describe the time and environment in which they parted. On the surface, it is writing about the landscape, but reading between the lines, we can hear the sound of the wind, see the birds in the heavy snow and feel the spirit of the heroes on the peaks of the mountains.
It was just in this sort of desolate, cold and vast environment that the poet Gao Shi was about to send his friend, who had a unique musical skill but had not been recognized yet.
Instead of doing what most of people do when they have to say goodbye with a sad feeling, in this poem Gao Shi spoke his parting words of advice with quite a positive emotion and encouraging style.
The last two lines: ｫ莊綏鐚紊筝莪篋坂莚 m嘆 ch坦u qi叩n l湛 w炭 zh朝 j, tin xi shu鱈 r辿n b湛 sh鱈 j笛n Don't worry there is no dear friend on the road ahead; In the world there is no one who doesn't know.
With a very positive attitude to life,and very resonant and strong sounds, he encourages his friend to make the effort to pursue his dream with much more confidence and strength.These two lines bring a warm feeling to his friend in the cold winter weather.
Since Dong DaDong Lanting was a highly accomplished player of string instruments,he would certainly meet someone who could understand him on the road ahead.
Because they were close friends, they could speak in a simple, unrestrained and frank manner, and although they were both in a frustrating situation at that time, they could take comfort in their hope for the future.
The last two lines are very optimistic and bring to the whole of the little poem a heroic feeling; there is no sorrowful feeling at all.
|#|This is one of my favorite farewell poems. I love it because of the positive life attitude inside, and the deep caring for a close friend.When I asked myself why the short 4 lines could touch people so much, two lines from a lyric by Qin Guan in Song Dynasty jumped into my mind: 筝箙鐚絏ling q鱈ng ru嘆 sh狸 ji ch叩ng sh鱈,y嘆u q zi zho zho m湛 m湛 If love between both sides can last forever, why do they need to stay together night and day? It talks about love,and I think it can express a similar situation between friends. When a precious friendship and feeling can be kept forever in two hearts, why must they stay together always?
Being moved so much, I translated this poem and wrote a piece of music for it in 2005, created a painting for them in 2010, and then I painted a new painting as my assignment at Chinese National Academy in 2012.
I really hope that my effort will be of help for you to learn Chinese language and culture.
If you have any questions, comments or suggestions, please write to shirley@ebridge.cn.
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